Page 267 - Proceedings book

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In Sri Lanka, mosaic art can be seen in Buddhist temples such as Subodhārama

Vihāra in Karagampitiya, Rankoth Vihāra in Panadura, Vijayananda Vihāra in Galle,
Narendrasighe Vih Vihāra in Kundasale, and Diwurumwela Vihāra, as well as in elite

residences such as Richmond Castle and Maduwanwela Walawwa. The mosaic art in
Sri Lanka depicts figures of animals, flora, household objects, English letters,

numerals, emblems, geometric designs, and decorative motifs (Embuldeniya, 2024:

12).

Methodology

Data collection for this qualitative research was conducted through literature surveys
and field surveys. In particular, the field survey method was highly emphasized

throughout the research to collect data on mosaic art in stūpa architecture in Sri Lanka,
as there is no previous research related to this topic.

The Social Semiotic Theory was applied in the analysis process due to its strong
relevance for interpreting how meaning is created through visual signs within specific

cultural and social settings. This theoretical framework proved particularly

appropriate for examining mosaic art in stūpa architecture in Sri Lanka, as it allows
for a wide understanding of how visual elements such as floral designs, and geometric

patterns function as communicative tools shaped by Buddhist beliefs and ritual
practices. Rather than viewing these mosaics as mere decoration, the theory highlights

their role in conveying shared values, religious teachings, and social hierarchies.
Through the analysis of materials, spatial organization, and symbolic meanings,

Social Semiotic Theory uncovers the complex layers of meaning embedded in sacred

architectural spaces, interpreted through socio-cultural, economic, and political lenses.
This approach demonstrates the theory’s effectiveness in analyzing visual and

material culture within the context of Sri Lanka.

Results

Notable examples of mosaic art’s influence on stūpa architecture can be observed at

the Vijayananda Vihāra in Galle. The Vijayananda Vihāra (Photograph No.01),
situated in Weliwatte, two miles from Galle Town, was established in 1851 and

served as an important historic temple of the Ramanna Nikaya. Colonel Henry Olcott

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